鐵藝欄桿以其簡潔、明快、高雅之風，在很多歐式風格的建筑物、園林中得到廣泛應用，將建筑線條的硬朗，通過欄桿流暢的線條進行弱化，以保障整體風格的協調統一，剛柔相濟。是很多設計師筆下必不可少的素材。當我們在欣賞濟南鐵藝護欄帶給我們的美感之時，也來了解一下它的工藝、施工及成本組成。

Iron railings are widely used in many European style buildings and gardens due to their simplicity, lightness, and elegance. They weaken the rigidity of the building lines through the smooth lines of the railings, ensuring the coordination and unity of the overall style, combining hardness and softness. It is an essential material for many designers. As we appreciate the beauty brought by Jinan Iron Art Guardrail, let's also learn about its craftsmanship, construction, and cost composition.

一、基本流程：

1、 Basic process:

掌握客戶的要求→初步設計→與客戶溝通確定方→設計圖紙→放樣→加工制作→表面處理→涂裝包裝→安裝。

Mastering customer requirements → Preliminary design → Communication with customers to determine the method → Design drawings → Setting out → Processing and production → Surface treatment → Coating and packaging → Installation.

二、加工前材料的處理：

2、 Material treatment before processing:

1、原輔料驗收（扁鋼、矩管、方鋼、方管、焊條、油漆）。

1. Acceptance of raw and auxiliary materials (flat steel, rectangular tube, square steel, square tube, welding rod, paint).

2、各原材料按相關的驗收標準文件規定驗收。

2. All raw materials shall be inspected and accepted according to the relevant acceptance standard documents.

3、包裝材料按相關的檢驗標準文件規定驗收。

3. The packaging materials shall be inspected and accepted according to the relevant inspection standard documents.

4、配料：優質焊絲、焊條。

4. Ingredients: High quality welding wire and electrode.

5、打樣：由電腦設計圖紙按比例出小樣。

5. Proofing: Produce small samples proportionally based on computer design drawings.

6、鐵藝護欄中常用的金屬加工工藝有鑄造工藝、鍛造工藝、焊接工藝等（熱加工工藝）和鉗工工藝（冷加工工藝的一種），有時也借助機床加工。

6. The commonly used metal processing processes in the iron guardrail include casting process, forging process, welding process, etc. (Hot working process) and fitter process (one of the cold processing processes), sometimes with the help of machine tools.

7、鍛造工藝：鐵藝的鍛造工藝適合于小作坊生產，所需主要有鐵坫、鐵錘、鉗子、鑿子、鼓風機等工具。

7. Forging process: The forging process of Iron Art is suitable for small workshop production, and the main tools required include iron gobs, hammers, pliers, chisels, blowers, and other tools.

8、焊接工藝：焊接是一種性連接金屬材料的方法，焊接在鐵藝加工中屬于后加工，常采用的焊接有手工電弧焊和氣焊。

8. Welding process: welding is a method of permanently connecting metal materials. Welding in iron processing belongs to post-processing. Shielded metal arc welding and gas welding are commonly used.

9、鑄造工藝：鐵藝中的很多構件，甚至整體都是通過鑄造工藝完成的。鑄鐵可分為灰口鑄鐵、白口鑄鐵、麻口鑄鐵。鐵藝的包裝，主要為了避免鐵藝成品在搬運、安裝過程中的刮蹭、磨損，需根據具體的運輸、安裝條件考慮不同的包裝方案。大多使用塑料薄膜、紙張、草繩等物包裝。

9. Casting process: Many components, even the whole, in iron art are completed through casting process. Cast iron can be divided into Gray iron, white cast iron and hemp cast iron. The packaging of iron products is mainly to avoid scratches and wear during transportation and installation, and different packaging schemes need to be considered based on specific transportation and installation conditions. Most of them are packaged with plastic film, paper, straw rope, and other materials.

三、相關要求

3、 Relevant requirements

1、樓梯欄桿設計與扶手距離。

1. Stair railing design and distance from railing.

2、選擇要設置欄桿的踏步的級和后一級的水準線。

2. Select the level lines of the first and second steps of the railing to be set.

3、選擇踏步踏板間的水平距離，將踏板數加起來，但不算連著平臺的后一級踏步。

3. Select the horizontal distance between the step pedals, add up the number of pedals, but do not count the next step connected to the platform.

4、用這些數據建造一直角三角形，使其兩直角邊為以上尺寸，則直角三角形的斜邊就是欄桿的斜度，扶手在相應的高度上與這條線平行。

4. Use these data to build a Right triangle so that its two Cathetus are above the size, then the bevel of the Right triangle is the slope of the railing, and the railing is parallel to this line at the corresponding height.

5、然后就是休息平臺接合點與欄桿底部的設計，扶手的設計要經得住水平方向50kg/平方米的荷載，必須用硬制材料制成，并采取保護措施以防止人墜下或墜物砸傷下面的人。

5. Then there is the design of the connection point between the rest platform and the bottom of the railing. The design of the railing must withstand a horizontal load of 50kg/square meter, and must be made of hard material, with protective measures taken to prevent people from falling or objects from injuring people below.

6、欄桿的分欄在水平或豎直方向上都不允許一只11cm的球體通過，欄桿柱的直徑至少為20mm。

6. The partition of the railing is not allowed to pass through an 11cm sphere in either the horizontal or vertical direction, and the diameter of the railing column is at least 20mm.

7、欄桿的水平劃分要求不能使小孩爬過。

7. The horizontal division of the railing requires that children should not climb over it.

8、使用點焊可以被輕易地安裝在樓梯的結構上，通過變動金屬棍的數量、拋光程度、顏色，終效果可以與任何風格形式的室內設計達成統一。

8. Spot welding can be easily installed on the structure of stairs, and the final effect can be unified with any style of interior design by changing the number, polishing degree, and color of metal rods.

9、扶手的形狀必須要給手的掌控以舒適的感覺，通過剖面以及功能上的調和，直徑在3—5cm間的矩管比較適合。扶手離墻少4cm之遠，如果扶手是雙層扶手，那么兩扶手之間的距離至少要有10cm。

9. The shape of the armrest must give the hand a comfortable feeling of control, and through the coordination of profile and function, a rectangular tube with a diameter of 3-5 cm is more suitable. The handrail should be 4cm away from the wall. If the handrail is a double-layer handrail, the distance between the two handrails should be at least 10cm.

10、從樓梯的坡道開始欄桿必須是連續的。如果扶手的轉角沒有作成圓弧狀，那么扶手的轉折線必須在休息平臺上面后一級和級踏步的踢板線上。

10. The railing must be continuous from the slope of the staircase. If the corner of the handrail is not rounded, the turning line of the handrail must be on the kickboard line of the last and first steps above the rest platform.

11、選擇不同材質的欄桿必須與扶手相協調。

11. The selection of railings of different materials must be coordinated with the railing.

12、陽臺欄桿必須采用防止兒童攀登的構造，欄桿的垂直桿件間凈距不應大0.11m，放置花盆處必須采取防墜落措施。

12. The balcony railing must be constructed to prevent children from climbing, and the clear distance between the vertical bars of the railing should not be greater than 0.11m. Anti fall measures must be taken at the place where the flower pot is placed.

鐵藝欄桿使用的主要材料有：扁管、方管、扁鐵、沖壓圖形、表面油漆等。具體的價格您可以先來聯系我們http://www.hszfirst.com咨詢！

The main materials used for iron railings include flat pipes, square pipes, flat iron, stamped graphics, surface paint, etc. You can contact us first for specific prices http://www.hszfirst.com consulting service